Aldo Nadi
Definition of Fencing Actions
By Dr. Zbigniew Czajkowski
Foreseen, Unforeseen, and
Partially Foreseen, Actions.
1. Foreseen: Actions which the fencer has premeditated. They can be first intention or second intention actions.
2. Unforeseen: Actions which are reactions (reflexively initiated). These actions are automatic and can be observed mostly in defense; however, they can occur offensively.
3. Partially foreseen: There are two categories of partially foreseen actions.
“Open eyes”. This type of action has a known beginning, but an unknown finale. For example, a fencer may begin an attack with a feint not knowing how the opponent will react. With open eyes the attacker sees the opponent’s reaction and in turn reacts with an appropriate response. The initiation of the feint attack is the foreseen beginning with the ending action being the unforeseen finale.
Partially foreseen actions is when the fencer changes intent in the middle of execution when the opponent reacts in an unexpected manner. This is known as “change of decision”.
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Terminology in action.
by David Littell, Notes by CoachDuran.
Feint deceive in hand tempo.
• Try a hand tempo action from an extension distance. Fencer A (the teacher) advances or retreats and fencer B maintains the extension distance. Fencer A stops and makes a larger opening in a line (an invitation). Fencer B begins to extend to the open line and deceives and hits when fencer A attempts to parry.
• Now try the same hand tempo action from a lunge or an advance lunge distance.
(CoachDuran. If Fencer A’s attempt to parry is a Foreseen action it is “Counter Tempo”, if it is Unforeseen it is a reflexive reaction to the attack. If Fencer B’s deception of Fencer A’s parry is Forseen the action is a “Feint in Tempo”, if it is Partly Forseen “open eyes”, it is a reaction to the parry with feint deceive a compound action.)
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